Install gperf with Homebrew, apk, chocolatey, apt, dnf, MacPorts, Nix, pacman, winget, zypper

Project links

• Homepage
• Repository
• Upstream docs
• Package manager page

Commands and aliases

• gperf

Project history

The GNU manual says the gperf utility was written in GNU C++ by Douglas C. Schmidt, with the general idea inspired by Keith Bostic's C algorithm distributed to net.sources around 1984. The manual frames the GNU program as a heavily modified, enhanced, and extended implementation created at the University of California, Irvine.

gperf belongs to the classic Unix compiler-tool family. Its input format resembles tools such as lex in using declarations and `%%` separators, while its output is ordinary C or C++ source that can be checked into or generated during builds.

Adoption history

GNU documents gperf as useful for static search sets such as compiler reserved words, assembler instruction opcodes, and shell built-ins. That made it attractive in source-based packaging ecosystems because generated lookup tables can be fast, deterministic, and dependency-light.

The GNU project page distributes gperf through the GNU FTP mirror network and points development to the Savannah project, placing it in the same distribution pattern as many older GNU build-time utilities. Homebrew, Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, Arch, Nix, MacPorts, Chocolatey, and other package systems carry packages for it in the input metadata, reflecting its role as a small but widely available build dependency.

How it is used

A user supplies a keyword file, optionally including struct declarations and gperf declarations, and gperf writes generated lookup code. The GNU page describes options for C or C++ output, switch statements or nested if statements instead of a hash table, and algorithm tuning.

Typical use is not interactive end-user work but build-time code generation. Projects use it when a fixed vocabulary needs fast membership tests without maintaining handwritten hash tables.

Why package nerds care

Package maintainers care about gperf because it often appears as a small build requirement that is easy to miss when bootstrapping language runtimes, compilers, and parser-heavy tools. It is old, tiny, and boring in the good way: a generated C file is easier to ship than a runtime dependency.

It also illustrates a packaging distinction between generated artifacts and generators. Some upstreams ship generated source, while others require gperf at build time, so package recipes need to know whether gperf is a native build tool or merely an optional maintainer tool.

Timeline

• 1984: Keith Bostic's C perfect-hash algorithm circulated on net.sources, later cited by the GNU manual as an inspiration.
• Late 1980s: Douglas C. Schmidt developed the GNU C++ implementation at the University of California, Irvine.
• 1998-2025: The GNU project page records long-running FSF maintenance of the gperf web page and GNU mirror distribution.
• 3.x series: gperf continued as a GPL-3-or-later GNU utility with C and C++ code-generation support documented in the GNU manual.

Related projects

• Related GNU and Unix build tools include flex, bison, GNU indent, compiler front ends, and parser or lexer generators that also turn compact declarative inputs into C-family source.
• The manual specifically discusses static sets such as C reserved words, assembler opcodes, and shell built-ins as natural problem domains for gperf.

Sources

• https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/gperf.git
• https://www.gnu.org/software/gperf/
• https://www.gnu.org/software/gperf/manual/gperf.html