使用 Homebrew, apk, apt, dnf, Nix, zypper 安装 nmh

项目链接

• 主页
• 仓库
• 上游文档
• 软件包管理器页面

命令和别名

• anno
• burst
• comp
• flist
• flists
• fmttest
• fnext
• folder
• folders
• forw
• fprev
• inc
• install-mh
• mhbuild
• mhfixmsg
• mhical
• mhlist
• mhlogin
• mhmail
• mhn
• mhparam
• mhpath
• mhshow
• mhstore
• msgchk
• new
• next
• packf
• prev
• prompter
• refile
• repl

项目历史

MH predates nmh by decades. RAND's 1979 user's manual describes MH as a UNIX shell-driven mail system where each mail activity is a separate command and each message is stored as a separate file in a folder directory. nmh continued that model as a mostly compatible replacement for MH, based on MH 6.8.3 from RAND and the University of California.

The nmh FAQ describes the fork as a response to the languishing state of MH: Richard Coleman created nmh from MH 6.8.3, added GNU autoconf, and fixed bugs and inconsistencies. Later maintainers moved the project infrastructure to Savannah, which remains the official source location.

采用历史

nmh is niche by modern mail-client standards but important to Unix mail traditionalists because it preserves the MH composition model: commands such as inc, scan, show, repl, forw, refile, pick, sortm, and rmm compose naturally with shell scripts. The project page also points to front ends such as exmh and mh-e, showing that nmh is both an end-user toolkit and a substrate for other mail interfaces.

Package-manager coverage across Homebrew, Debian/Ubuntu, Fedora, Alpine, Nix, and openSUSE reflects long-tail adoption rather than hype adoption. Its value is continuity: scripts, habits, and mail stores built around MH semantics can keep working on contemporary Unix-like systems.

使用方式

Package nerds use nmh when they want mail to be shell-native. Typical workflows initialize a profile, incorporate messages into MH folders, scan folders, show or reply to individual messages, refile mail by shell command, and use pick/sortm/mhpath/mhparam in scripts. The practical appeal is that the mailbox is regular files plus small commands, so grep, find, cron, editors, and shell aliases remain first-class tools.

The tradeoff is intentional: nmh is not a turnkey GUI mail app. It rewards users who want explicit control over message storage, composition drafts, aliases, profile settings, and MIME handling.

为什么软件包爱好者会关心

nmh matters because it is a living bridge from early Unix mail design to present package ecosystems. It is a good example of a package whose significance is architectural and historical rather than measured by broad consumer adoption.

时间线

• {'event': "RAND published The MH Message Handling System: User's Manual, documenting the shell-command and per-message-file model that nmh inherits.", 'year': '1979'}
• {'event': 'Richard Coleman created nmh from MH 6.8.3 after MH development slowed, adding GNU autoconf and cleanup work according to the MH/nmh FAQ.', 'year': '1990s'}
• {'event': 'nmh development infrastructure moved to Savannah and continued through the nmh-workers community.', 'year': '2000s'}

Related projects

• RAND MH
• exmh
• mh-e
• mmh

来源

• https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mcr/nmh/master/docs/FAQ
• https://www.mankier.com/package/nmh
• https://www.nongnu.org/nmh/
• https://www.nongnu.org/nmh/old.html
• https://www.rand.org/pubs/reports/R2367.html