使用 Homebrew, apk, apt, dnf, MacPorts, Nix, pacman, zypper 安装 autoconf

项目链接

• 主页
• 仓库
• 上游文档
• 软件包管理器页面

命令和别名

• autoconf
• autoheader
• autom4te
• autoreconf
• autoscan
• autoupdate
• ifnames

项目历史

The Autoconf manual's history chapter, written by original author David MacKenzie, traces the project to June 1991, when MacKenzie was maintaining GNU utilities and wrote a shell script to guess build settings for fileutils rather than forcing users to choose many makefile -D options by hand.

After adapting similar scripts for other GNU packages and receiving requests for a generator, MacKenzie began turning the hand-maintained configure scripts into Autoconf. The AUTHORS file credits MacKenzie as the original author with help from François Pinard, Karl Berry, Richard Pixley, Ian Lance Taylor, Roland McGrath, Noah Friedman and many others.

Autoconf became a pillar of the broader GNU build system with Automake and Libtool. Its generated configure scripts are intentionally independent of Autoconf at run time, which made it especially attractive for source tarballs distributed to users who might not have the full build toolchain installed.

采用历史

Autoconf spread through GNU and portable Unix software because it solved the painful problem of discovering headers, functions, compilers, libraries, filesystem quirks and platform behavior at build time. The manual notes that generated configure scripts test individual features rather than relying on static tables of operating-system variants.

Its adoption history is also visible in package-manager coverage: the input facts list Autoconf across Homebrew, Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora/dnf, Arch/pacman, Alpine/apk, MacPorts, Nix and openSUSE/zypper. For decades, ./configure && make && make install has been a cultural baseline of Unix source distribution, and Autoconf is the tool most associated with generating that first step.

使用方式

Package maintainers write configure.ac and run autoconf to produce a configure script. Depending on the package, related files may include aclocal.m4, acsite.m4, config.h.in, Makefile.in, config.status, config.cache and config.log.

End users usually do not run autoconf directly; they run the generated configure script from a release tarball. Developers and distribution maintainers use autoreconf, autoheader, autoscan, autoupdate and autom4te when regenerating or modernizing build machinery.

为什么软件包爱好者会关心

Autoconf matters to package nerds because it is both infrastructure and folklore. It explains why so many source packages have configure.ac in git but ship a generated configure script in release tarballs, and why package builds often patch m4 macros or rerun autoreconf after applying downstream changes.

It also embodies the portability contract between upstream tarballs and downstream packagers: generated scripts should run with only a POSIX-like shell, while maintainers absorb the complexity of M4, feature probes and macro compatibility.

时间线

• 1991: David MacKenzie writes early configure scripts for GNU utilities and begins the path toward Autoconf.
• 1990s: Autoconf becomes part of the GNU build-system toolchain alongside Automake and Libtool.
• 2000: GNU Autoconf, Automake and Libtool is published, documenting the combined build environment.
• 2023: Autoconf 2.72 is released on 2023-12-22 with C23/Y2038-related updates and modernized requirements.

Related projects

• Autoconf is normally discussed with Automake, Libtool, Gnulib and the Autoconf Archive.
• The manual contrasts Autoconf's feature-test approach with table-driven configure systems and hand-written configure scripts.

来源

• https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/autoconf/autoconf-2.72.tar.xz
• https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/autoconf.git
• https://www.gnu.org/software/autoconf/manual